Rocks and Minerals by UTH Rocks and Minerals by UTH    

Lesson 17: Rocks

Directions

Study the lesson for one week.

Over the week:

• Read the lesson.
• Review the synopsis.
• Recite aloud the vocabulary words and their definitions.
• Study the rock and mineral of the week.
• Complete the enrichment activities.
• Study the review questions.

Synopsis

Rocks are defined as any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals. Many rocks are composed of two or more minerals, but some are composed of just one type of mineral that has undergone changes. There are three major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.

Vocabulary

Rock: Any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals.
Igneous Rock: A rock formed by the cooling of molten rock, either below the surface (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive).
Metamorphic Rock: A rock that consists of pre-existing rock mass in which new minerals or textures are formed at higher temperatures and greater pressures than those present on the Earth's surface.
Sedimentary Rock: A rock formed by the deposition of either the weathered remains of other rocks, the results of biological activity, or precipitation from solution.

Rock or Mineral of the Week

• Breccia is a type of sedimentary rock composed of angular fragments cemented together by a matrix of fine-grained materials.
• Breccia can be made up of different types of rocks and minerals such as other sedimentary or igneous rocks.
• Breccia can be any color and is found throughout the world.

Interesting Facts

• Breccia's interesting textures and large angular fragments have made it popular for use in sculpture and architectural building.
• There are two majestic columns of breccia located in the ancient Roman temple called the Pantheon in Rome, Italy.

• Breccia is even found on the moon. See a sample of lunar breccia.

Enrichment

Activity 1: Narrate the Lesson

• After reading or listening to the lesson, narrate the lesson aloud using your own words.

Activity 2: Map the Lesson

• Breccia was used to make pillars in the Roman Pantheon temple in Rome, Italy.
• Find Rome on the map of Italy.

Activity 3: Take a Nature Walk

• Embark on a nature walk.
• Collect one rock or mineral specimen.
• Use the gathered specimen to create the field book entry.

Activity 4: Complete a Field Book Entry   

After your nature walk, complete page 6 in 'Fifth Grade Science Rocks and Minerals Notebook Pages.'

Review

Question 1

How is a rock different from a mineral?

1 / 5

Answer 1

Rocks are made up of either 1) multiple minerals, or 2) minerals that have been transformed via heat, pressure, etc.

1 / 5

Question 2

What are the three major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth?

2 / 5

Answer 2

The three major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth are igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.

2 / 5

Question 3

Which rock group is formed from cooling magma or lava?

3 / 5

Answer 3

The igneous rock group is formed from cooling magma or lava.

3 / 5

Question 4

Which rock group includes rocks or minerals transformed by heat and pressure?

4 / 5

Answer 4

The metamorphic rock group includes rocks or minerals transformed by heat and pressure.

4 / 5

Question 5

Which rock group is made up of deposits cemented together?

5 / 5

Answer 5

The sedimentary rock group is made up of deposits cemented together.

5 / 5

❮ ❯

1. How is a rock different from a mineral? Rocks are made up of either 1) multiple minerals, or 2) minerals that have been transformed via heat, pressure, etc.
2. What are the three major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth? The three major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth are igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.
3. Which rock group is formed from cooling magma or lava? The igneous rock group is formed from cooling magma or lava.
4. Which rock group includes rocks or minerals transformed by heat and pressure? The metamorphic rock group includes rocks or minerals transformed by heat and pressure.
5. Which rock group is made up of deposits cemented together? The sedimentary rock group is made up of deposits cemented together.

References

'Rock (geology).' Wikipedia.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology). n.p.

'Breccia.' Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breccia. n.p.

Cited Physical Properties. Geology.com. geology.com/rocks. n.p.